What Is Image Manipulation

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Most image processing and manipulation techniques can be carried outeffectively using two libraries: Python Imaging Library (PIL) and Open SourceComputer Vision (OpenCV).

Image editing is considered a creative, artistic act. Image editing is done for removing unwanted elements such as dust specks and scratches, adjusting the geometry of the image like rotating and cropping, correcting for lens aberrations, sharpening or softening the image, making color changes or adding special effects to the image.

A brief description of both is given below.

Python Imaging Library¶

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The Python Imaging Library, or PILfor short, is one of the core libraries for image manipulation in Python. Unfortunately,its development has stagnated, with its last release in 2009.

Luckily for you, there’s an actively-developed fork of PIL calledPillow – it’s easier to install, runs onall major operating systems, and supports Python 3.

Installation¶

Before installing Pillow, you’ll have to install Pillow’s prerequisites. Findthe instructions for your platform in thePillow installation instructions.

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After that, it’s straightforward:

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Example¶

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There are more examples of the Pillow library in thePillow tutorial.

Open Source Computer Vision¶

Open Source Computer Vision, more commonly known as OpenCV, is a more advancedimage manipulation and processing software than PIL. It has been implementedin several languages and is widely used.

Installation¶

In Python, image processing using OpenCV is implemented using the cv2 andNumPy modules. The installation instructions for OpenCVshould guide you through configuring the project for yourself.

NumPy can be downloaded from the Python Package Index(PyPI):

Example¶

Image

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There are more Python-implemented examples of OpenCV in this collection oftutorials.